> "this" is used for an
object (singular) which is near the interlocutor.

Example: This book is the best book on
Earth.

> Plural : "these" (several
objects).

Example: These books are the best books
on Earth.

> "that" is used for one
object (singular) which is far from the interlocutor..

Example: That is his car over there.

> Plural : those (several objects)

Example: Those are his toys over there.

> "there" is used for one
object (singular) which exists - or "is" (near to us).

Example: There is (There's) a table
next to the window.

> Plural: "there are"

Example: There are many of my friends
at the party tonight.