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Past Perfect or Present Perfect

Present Perfect is used

    
 - to put emphasis on the result
 She has written two letters.

 - to express an action that started in the past and continuing in the present.
 I have worked in the hospital for ten years.

 - to talk about general experiences ( ever, never ).
 I have never eaten it before.
 Have you ever been abroad?

 together with lately, recently, yet.
 I have been to New York recently.

 - to say about an action repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now.
 I have visited them many times.

 when the precise time of action is not important or unknown.
 Someone has drunk my beer!

 - to describe events that occured before you expected.
 I have already graduated from University.

Past Perfect is used

- to express an action taking place before a certain time in the past .
 When we want to put emphasis on the fact, not the duration. 
 Before Martin arrived here, he had spoken to him.

 - this tense is often used to report what people had said / thought / believed / told 
 He told me that he had already read the book.

 - with Conditional Sentences ( Type III )
 If I had seen them, I would have given them some money.

Intermediate
English exercise "Past Perfect or Present Perfect" created by greg100 with The test builder
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1. We weren't hungry. We had just eatenhave just eatenhad ate dinner.
2. Before coming to Siberia Tom hadn't never seenhas never seenhad never seen snow.
3. Helen hadn't livedhas livehas lived in England for three years but she can't speak English very well.
4. She offered me dinner, but I hadn't just eatenhad just eatenhave just eaten a sandwich, so I wasn't hungry.
5. Today I have phonedhadn't phonedhad phoned Joan three times but I haven't been able to contact her.
6. Your son has grewhad grownhas grown since the last time I saw him.
7. Smoking is a waste of money. I haven't smokedhad smokedhave never smoked.
8. My father knew Spain so well because he had visithas visitedhad visited the country four times.
9. When I arrived home at seven o'clock, my sister hadn't hadhasn't hadhad have dinner yet.
10. I started reading this novel last week but I still had finishedhadn't finishedhaven't finished it.
11. By the time I got to their house, they had already lefthave already lefthave left already home.
12. Her son have playedhad playedhas played chess since for 10 years.
13. Before Nick met his wife, he has never beenhadn't never beenhad never been in a serious relationship.
14. If you had wenthave gonehad gone to Joan's party, you would have met them.
15. It is the first time I had rodehave riddenhave rode a motorbike. What a great feeling.