There are two basic forms of English as an additional language: English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Foreign language (EFL). The first is used to describe language learning in an English-speaking context (i.e. the student is living in an English-speaking country); the second refers to language learning outside the English-speaking world.

This textbook offers resources for English teachers working in both contexts. When appropriate we will mark information that is specific to one discipline or the other. Included are language reference information, teaching techniques and tips, historical information about the English language, and activities to be used in your classes.

English language reference and parts of speech

• Introduction to English
• Grammar
• Orthography
• Nouns
• Verbs
• Pronouns
• Adjectives
• Adverbs
• Participles
• Gerunds
• Conjunctions
• Prepositions
• Interjections
• Appositives
• Punctuation
• Syntax
• Figures of Syntax
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