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    Learn English > English lessons and exercises > English test #29834: Must / Have to
    > Other English exercises on the same topic: Modals [Change theme]
    > Similar tests: - Modal: may/might - Placement test 1 - Modal can (video) - Which modal and when? - Modal verb : must / have to - Modal : can/could - Modal verbs - Modal verbs
    > Double-click on words you don't understand


    Must / Have to



    MUST                              HAVE TO

      

    must and have to are used to express obligation or the need to do something.

    They can be used interchangeably.


    I) Meanings:

     ---MUST:    (subjective obligation)  In general, it expresses what the speaker thinks is necessary.

                     I must stop smoking.  / We must go it's already midnight.  /They must work harder.


     __HAVE TO:   (objective obligation)  In general, it suggests that somebody else has imposed the decision.

                         Tom has to wear a uniform at school.


    II) Affirmative clauses:

                1° have to can be used in all tenses:

                          Tom had to wear a uniform last year  /  Tom will have to wear a uniform next year

                          Sonia is having to wait  / she may have to come back tomorrow

                2° must can be used to talk about the present or the future

                         Tom must call his mother tomorrow

                    but it can't be used to talk about the past  ( you use have to)



    III) Interrogative clauses:


                           Do you have to leave now?    /   Must you leave right now?



    IV) Negative clauses:

                      The negative form of must and the negative form of have to are very different in meaning.

              1° must not / mustn't   is used to say that something is not allowed.

                      Children mustn't play with fire.   /   Passengers must not talk to the driver.  /  Visitors mustn't smoke. 

                      'must not' can't be used to talk about the past, you use another structure.

                      example: We were not allowed to park near the museum.

              2° don't have to  means that there is no obligation to do something, but you can do it if you want.

                      You don't have to drink alcohol, you can have a soft drink.

                      She doesn't have to arrive before 9.






    V) Example:


            When the lights are red you must stop.

            You mustn't go on.



    VI) Video in English for advanced users:



    🎬 Help: how to see videos



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    English exercise "Must / Have to" created by lili73 with The test builder. [More lessons & exercises from lili73]
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    1. To drive a car you possess a driving licence.

    2. While you are driving you listen to the radio, it is not necessary.

    3. You drive without wearing a seatbelt. Wearing a seatbelt is compulsory for the passengers too.

    4. It is dangerous to talk on a cell phone and drive at the same time. Drivers do that.

    5. In most countries it is illegal to use a cell phone in a car. In those countries drivers use phones in their cars.

    6. Drivers be kind to other drivers

    7. They get angry when there is a problem.

    8. In France you insure your car. It's the law of the country.

    9. On the road you respect the speed limit even if there isn't any radar.

    10. Adult cyclists wear a helmet but a cautious rider should have one.










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