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Link words: condition and consequence - English lesson

CONDITIONS and CONSEQUENCES:

I) It's important to know how to use the connectors expressing CONDITIONS:                     

 a) Conditions in  IF : * they can be simple.                                   

  - I'll give him money if he asks for it.

 * Or, they can be UNREAL.

       -    If it didn't rain, I'd go sailing with her. 

 * They may not have been realized (yet). 

     -   If she hadn't been so rude, he'd have given her what she wanted.

 b) UNLESS : represents a condition which may be opposed to the one introduced by IF. The main clause is in the negative form.

      - Patrick won't come unless you let him drive your car.

    c) PROVIDED= on condition (that). 

           - My brother will fix your computer provided you ask him nicely.

    d) IF or WHETHER? 

 "Whether" gives the meaning of an interrogative clause and offers a choice between two possibilities. 

 - You must tell us now whether you'll fly back or you'll drive.

 e) Other forms to express conditions:                     

 * AS LONG AS = provided that

 * ALL THE SAME = nevertheless

 * ON CONDITION ( THAT)= provided

 * OR ELSE = or suffer the consequences...

 * OTHERWISE = if not, or else... 

 - Of course I'll help him, but only on condition he does all he can before asking for help.

 - You should leave now, otherwise/ or else, you'll be late.

 - She's free to go out, as long as she's home before twelve.

II) Expressing CONSEQUENCE: An action leads to a result, a consequence: 

* AS A RESULT= consequently

* CONSEQUENTLY = as a result  

* THEREFORE = for that reason

* SO/ SO THAT= hence, therefore... 

* THAT'S WHY= as a consequence

* THUS= consequently

- She didn't revise her exams, consequently, she's sure to fail.

- Descartes said:" I think, therefore, I am."

- He gambled all night, thus he's totally broke.

Here you are!  You're ready now!   I'm sure you'll have a great score... Good luck!  

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1. ThereforeElseUnlessIfI don't know you'd given me the right password, we could have had access to your account.


2. The kid won't open the door elsethereforeprovidedunlessI don't know he hears his mother's voice.


3. I'll lend him my car thereforeelseprovidedunlessI don't know he shows me his driving licence and insurance papers.


4. Obey immediately, unlessthat's whyor elsethereforeI don't know you'll be grounded for a month.


5. She left home very late, or elseotherwisewhetherthat's whyI don't know she hasn't arrived yet.


6. A great number of people voted for him, thereforeunlessotherwiseor elseI don't know he was elected right away.


7. He shouted like mad, unlessthereforethusotherwiseI don't know creating a scandal in the library...


8. Give me your advice, please, whetherunlessotherwisethusI don't know I'll be lost and won't know what to do.


9. He didn't know thusor elseotherwisewhetherI don't know he preferred some meat, or would try a vegan menu.


10. She was smuggling cigarettes from Belgium, as a resultunlessor elsewhetherI don't know she had to pay a huge fine.


11. thusthereforeUnlessotherwiseI don't know he accepts your conditions, don't give him the key to the house.


12. Mollie will apologize to your father unlessthereforeotherwiseprovidedI don't know he admits he hadn't been clear when he gave his instructions.