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Present perfect - English lesson

- An action that occurred at an unspecified time in the past, but has relevance to the present.
- An action that began in the past and continues into the present.
- A past experience or accomplishment that has an impact on the present.


Construction:
- Affirmative form: Subject + have/has + past participle + complement
- Negative form: Subject + have/has + not (or haven't/hasn't) + past participle + complement
- Interrogative form: Have/Has + subject + past participle + complement


Past participle:
- Regular verbs: Base form + -ed
- Irregular verbs: To be learned by heart (a list of irregular verbs is usually provided in English textbooks)
Examples
Affirmative: I have baked a cake.
Negative: I haven't baked a cake.
Interrogative: Have I baked a cake?


Important notes:
- Have is used with the subjects I, you, we, and they.
- Has is used with the subjects he, she, and it.
- The contracted form of have not is haven't, and that of has not is hasn't.
- The past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding -ed to the base form.
- The past participle of irregular verbs is variable and must be learned by heart.



Usage:
The Present perfect is often used with time adverbs such as:

- for
- since
- just
- already
- yet
- ever
- never


Usage examples:
I have lived in Paris for five years.
She has just finished her homework.
Have you ever been to London?

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English exercise "Present perfect" created by gatoune with The test builder. [More lessons & exercises from gatoune]
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1. Ellie (write) 20 articles this month.

2. My sister (eat) a lot of ice cream this week.

3. He (be) through many troubles in his life.

4. I (eat/ not) in this restaurant.

5. I (see /not) that movie.

6. They (be) together since high school.

7. (you/feel) that before?

8. She (watch) this movie.

9. (he/write) his letter?

10. I (be) to London.