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Conditional clauses
Conditional clauses
0 : If + present simple + present simple
Used to express general truth and things, which always happen whenever the condition exists.
Eg: If you heat water, it turns to water vapour.
If you practise sport, you definitely lose weight.
If I am late home, my parents get worried.
1 : If + present + will + verb (inf)
Used when something is possible now and possible in the future.
Eg: If you go home late, your parents will be worried.
They will certainly help you if you ask them
2 : If + simple past + would + verb (inf)
Used for a situation which is impossible now but possible in the future, it is the conditional of dream, of hypothetical situations.
Eg:
Reality | Dreams |
She lives in the countryside | If she lived in the city, she would have better job opportunities |
He is not a millionaire | If he were a millionaire, he would travel all over the world. |
I am not on holiday | If I were on holiday, I would relax and sleep a lot. |
3 : If + past perfect + would have + past participle .
Used for something impossible now and impossible in the future.
(because the action had already taken place, it is all over, finished)
It is the conditional of regrets
Eg:
Reality | Regrets |
He drove quickly and had an accident. | If he hadn't driven quickly, he wouldn't have had an accident. |
He forgot her birthday and she was angry | If he had not forgotten her birthday, she wouldn't have been angry. |
They didn't invite him, he didn't come to Mary's party. | If they had invited him, he would have come. |
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