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Vocabulary: all sorts of pollution... - English lesson

                    A cloud doesn't have to be black or loaded with poisonous particles to be extremely dangerous...

I)  AIR POLLUTION  is the contamination of air by smoke and harmful gases ( oxides of carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen.) How is our air polluted? 

- Exhaust fumes from vehicles

- The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or gas

- Harmful cleaning of products such as paint, plastic production...

- Radiation spills or nuclear accidents 

Air pollution leads to asthma, allergies and other respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular diseases...). It produces acid rain, smog (= smoke and fog), soot and particles. 

II) LAND POLLUTION  is the degradation of the Earth's surface caused by a misuse of resources and improper disposal of waste). Examples of land pollution:

- Litter found on the side of the roads, in parks and forests

- IIlegal dumping in natural habitats

- Oil spills that happen inland

- Use of pesticides and other farming chemicals

- The damage and debris caused from unsustainable mining and logging practices

- Radiation spills or nuclear accidents

Land pollution is responsible for the damage done to the natural habitat of animals, deforestation, damage done to natural resources), and the general ugly-ing up of our communities. So let's stop being litterbugs!

                                                The land is mainly polluted because of direct actions of men

III) WATER POLLUTION: 

Water pollution is the contamination of any body of water (lakes, groundwater, oceans, etc). Some examples of water pollution:

- Raw sewage running into lakes or streams

- Industrial waste spills contaminating groundwater

- Radiation spills or nuclear accidents

- Illegal dumping of substances or items within bodies of water

- Biological contamination, such as bacteria growth

- Farm runoff into nearby bodies of water, including chemicals, sewage, pesticides and fertilizers from agricultural runoff, or metals like lead or mercury.

783 million people do not have access to clean water and around 2.5 billion do not have access to adequate sanitation. Adequate sanitation helps to keep sewage and other contaminants from entering the water supply.

IV) OTHER FORMS OF POLLUTION.

* THERMAL POLLUTION = increase of the temperature caused by human activity. A few examples of this include:

Warmer lake water from nearby manufacturing using cool water to cool the plant and then pump it back into the lake=> destruction of freshwater fauna and flora. Temperatures increasing in towns (concrete and cars) cause discomfort to communities dealing with higher temperatures, and will affect plant-life in and around the area.

* NOISE POLLUTION =  any loud sounds that are either harmful or annoying to humans and animals. Some examples of noise pollution:

Links between noise and health= stress-related illnesses, high blood pressure, speech interference, hearing loss.

-   Airplanes, helicopters, and motor vehicles

- Construction or demolition noise

-  Human activities such as sporting events or concerts

Noise pollution can be disruptive to humans' stress levels, may be harmful to unborn babies, and drives animals away by causing nervousness and decreasing their ability to hear prey or predators.

* VISUAL POLLUTION:  Visual pollution is what you would call anything unattractive or visually damaging to the nearby landscape.

This tends to be a subjective topic. Some examples of visual pollution:

- Skyscrapers that block a natural view

- Graffiti or carving on trees, rocks, or other natural landscapes

- Billboards, litter, abandoned homes, and junkyards 

Mostly, visual kinds of environmental pollution are annoying and ugly, although some may say they are also depressing... 

A lot of attacks, aren't there? There are, indeed many dangers to our Planet and we must be fully aware of them and make sure we'll be able to react quickly and dynamically in order to save the lives of future generations.

Before doing that, you'll have to face the test... and here, your success is guaranteed. I give you THE FORCE for everything! 

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1. In big cities and towns, the air we breathe is often polluted by oil spillscrop sprayingharmful gasesI don't know, most of which coming from the exhaust fumessmokesradioactive falloutI don't know of the many cars jamming the centres.

2. In the last decades, several factory smokesoil spillsacid rainsI don't know have polluted oceans and shores, jeopardising several species of the local fauna.

3. 'Lucy! Tidy up your room, please. It looks like a billboardrubbish dumpcontaminated areaI don't know and soon, I’ll come with huge bags to take all your things away for the binmen.'

4. Noises especially some forms of very loud ones give repiratory diseasesstress-related illnessesasthmaI don't know jeopardising people’s health.

5. In some countries of Europe, because of the heat and of water shortagerubbish dumpsdepletion of ozoneI don't know, the authorities have enforced water restrictions.

6. In some agricultural areas, excess of pesticides and fertilisers cause the pollution of rubbish dumpsfactory smokesgroundwaterI don't know.

7. An excess of huge billboardssewerscrop sprayingI don't know creates visual pollution and make the countryside and nature look really ugly! That's dreadful!

8. Last month, there was a rubbish dumpwaste spillleakI don't know at the chemical factory and all the nearby brooks and rivers were seriously polluted for weeks.

9. To protect our environment, all oil spillssewersillegal dumpingsI don't know have been strictly prohibited in our area.

 

   

   An ecological disaster  Water shortage  Will Nature ever recover?